{"id":526,"date":"2026-04-28T09:17:54","date_gmt":"2026-04-28T09:17:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/?p=526"},"modified":"2026-04-28T09:17:55","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T09:17:55","slug":"most-polluted-rivers-iworld","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/2026\/04\/28\/most-polluted-rivers-iworld\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;Parts of it have so little oxygen, they are considered \u2018ecologically dead.\u2019&#8221; 10 most polluted, toxic rivers on the planet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns fp-header is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns fp-header-copy-container is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-accent-4-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--lg);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--lg)\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center fp-category has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-graphik-font-family wp-elements-9a19e65666da189dc55a0e4b83b0aaea\" style=\"margin-bottom:0;text-transform:uppercase\">WILDLIFE<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center fp-title has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-merriweather-font-family wp-elements-b97a9fa53070f94d1578712177cb7fbe\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--xs);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--xs);font-style:normal;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2\"><strong>&#8220;Parts of it have so little oxygen, they are considered \u2018ecologically dead.\u2019&#8221; 10 most polluted rivers on the planet <\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center fp-intro has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-open-sans-font-family wp-elements-7e564a1841b7391bf57cda99f7778db7\" style=\"font-size:27px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Rivers are vital for life. They provide fresh water for drinking and food production. They are homes for wildlife, reduce the risk of flooding and help to mitigate the effects of climate change. Yet, they are under threat.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-base-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-base-background-color has-background\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center fp-author has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-graphik-font-family wp-elements-1869b2f73499f87bcdd7a17e1e9f021d\" style=\"margin-bottom:0;letter-spacing:0.3px;text-transform:uppercase\"><em>Words by<\/em> <strong>HELEN PILCHER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center fp-date has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-graphik-font-family wp-elements-354d02fe91bc8f248e146f3be9224172\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;text-transform:none\">April 28th, 2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1357923208-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-537\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1357923208-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1357923208-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1357923208-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1357923208-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1357923208-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Crispin La Valiente\/Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.abd3369\">More than half<\/a>&nbsp;of all rivers have been affected by human activities. Over&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/resources\/publication\/2017-un-world-water-development-report-wastewater-untapped-resource#:~:text=Over%2080%20per%20cent%20of,to%20the%20environment%20without%20treatment.\">80<\/a>% of the world\u2019s wastewater is released into the environment without treatment. Plastic pollution, agricultural runoff and industrial waste are significant problems too \u2013&nbsp;they are killing wildlife, damaging ecosystems and creating hazards for human life.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are ten of the world\u2019s most polluted rivers.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10 most polluted rivers<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>River Salween<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1129398924-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-527\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1129398924-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1129398924-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1129398924-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1129398924-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1129398924-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">surachetsh\/Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The River Salween is Asia\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2026\/04\/asias-longest-free-flowing-river-contaminated-by-arsenic-linked-to-myanmar-mines\/\">longest free-flowering river<\/a>\u00a0and one of the world\u2019s most polluted\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/how-to\/identify-wildlife\/how-to-identify-freshwater-wildlife\">rivers<\/a>. After rising in the Tibetan Plateau, the Salween flows through China and Myanmar, where it briefly acts as the border with Thailand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> It is a lifeline for the communities that live on its banks, and a biodiversity hotspot, but the water contains arsenic levels\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2026\/04\/asias-longest-free-flowing-river-contaminated-by-arsenic-linked-to-myanmar-mines\/\">five times the global safety standard<\/a>. High levels of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.activesustainability.com\/water\/ranking-worlds-most-polluted-rivers#:~:text=River%20Salween,-Located%20in%20South&amp;text=The%20Salween%20is%20considered%20the,they%20collect%20from%20the%20river.\">sulphur, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury and zinc<\/a>\u00a0have also been found.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/giant-river-otters-return-to-argentina-after-40-years\">Giant river otters return to Argentina after 40-year absence<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/environment\/deadliest-rivers\">10 deadliest rivers in the world including a &#8216;boiling river&#8217; that &#8216;cooks&#8217; animals from the inside out<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Industrial waste from neighbouring textile factories and upstream mines has been blamed. Over the last ten years, satellite imagery&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2026\/04\/asias-longest-free-flowing-river-contaminated-by-arsenic-linked-to-myanmar-mines\/\">detected 127 suspected rare earth mineral mines<\/a>. When they extract elements needed to make smartphones and other electrical goods, toxic byproducts are released. Now many locals have stopped fishing the waters, out of fear for their health.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/news\/114-world-heritage-sites-threatened-by-industry\">114 World Heritage sites threatened by industry<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Matanzas-Riachuelo River&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/Barrio_de_La_Boca_6777318812.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-528\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/Barrio_de_La_Boca_6777318812.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/Barrio_de_La_Boca_6777318812-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/Barrio_de_La_Boca_6777318812-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Used under&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=29376817\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=29376817\">Creative Commons<\/a>&nbsp;via Wikipedia, credit: Estrella Herrera<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>It may only be 64 kilometres long, but the Matanzas-Riachuelo River in Argentina is one of the most polluted rivers in Latin America. For decades, the river has been a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global-development\/2024\/dec\/02\/the-smell-hurts-why-has-the-supreme-court-washed-its-hands-of-argentinas-rotten-river\">dumping ground<\/a>&nbsp;for cars, boats and unwanted waste. Industrial discharge from tanneries, meat-packing plants and petrochemical&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalissues.org\/news\/2017\/02\/11\/22866\">factories<\/a>&nbsp;also feeds into its waters, where it mixes with household sewage.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 2013 report found that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.infobae.com\/2014\/09\/04\/1592614-preocupa-el-nivel-plomo-hallado-la-sangre-ninos-portenos\/\">25%<\/a>&nbsp;of children living nearby had lead in their bloodstreams, and more were suffering from gastrointestinal and respiratory issues.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Clean up efforts are ongoing.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global-development\/2024\/dec\/02\/the-smell-hurts-why-has-the-supreme-court-washed-its-hands-of-argentinas-rotten-river\">Thousands of tons of solid waste<\/a>&nbsp;have been removed from the river, and a $1.2 billion project, supported by the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/feature\/2023\/09\/25\/navega-a-traves-de-la-mega-obra-de-saneamiento-del-rio-matanza-riachuelo#:~:text=Back%20in%202006%2C%20the%20Supreme,tunnels%20over%2040%20kilometers%20long.\">World Bank<\/a>, aims to build the infrastructure needed to rein in pollution. However, opinions on the project\u2019s success are&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global-development\/2024\/dec\/02\/the-smell-hurts-why-has-the-supreme-court-washed-its-hands-of-argentinas-rotten-river\">divided<\/a>, so watch this space.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Yamuna River<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1151212399-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1151212399-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1151212399-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1151212399-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1151212399-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1151212399-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">ModernNomads\/Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Yamuna River in India is a long, large waterway that merges with the Ganges at Triveni Sangam in Uttar Pradesh, site of the Kumbh Mela festival. Whilst the Ganges is well known for its high pollution levels, the Yamuna is worse.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is the Yamuna, rather than the Ganges, that flows through Delhi, a city that dumps about&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yamuna#:~:text=However%2C%20due%20to%20high%2Ddensity,its%20waste%20into%20the%20river.\">58<\/a>% of its waste into the river. Now parts of the Yamuna have so little&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/people\/opinion\/why-oxygen-should-receive-more-attention-in-the-climate-change-conversation\">oxygen<\/a>, they are considered \u2018ecologically dead.\u2019 In some places the water is anoxic, alkaline and thick with&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/poop-facts\">faeces<\/a>, generating layers of thick foam that sit on the surface.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/deadliest-river-animals\">&#8220;The 200kg beast ripped off a large part of his calf and nearly severed his leg&#8221; \u2013 10 deadliest river animals that can deliver a lethal punch<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2017\/jul\/07\/indian-yamuna-river-living-entity-ganges#:~:text=Animal%20life%20cannot%20survive%20in,40%2Dyear%2Dold%20says.\">2015 study<\/a>&nbsp;found that towns close to the Yamuna have at least four times the permissible level of fluoride in the water. Officials have blamed the millions of gallons of raw sewage that is discharged into the river, which is seeping into the groundwater.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Ganges<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-168770050-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-168770050-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-168770050-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-168770050-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-168770050-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-168770050-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Artur Debat\/Getty Images <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Ganges is not exactly pristine either. India\u2019s largest river, which receives inflow from the Yamuna, supplies water to an estimated 500 million people \u2013 more than any other river in the world. It\u2019s also home to wildlife including&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/otters-of-the-world\">otters<\/a>, freshwater&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/news\/cantors-giant-softshell-turtle-found-breeding-in-india\">turtles<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/reptiles\/facts-about-gharials\">gharials<\/a>&nbsp;(small bulbous-nosed crocodiles) and the unique freshwater Ganges river&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/facts-about-river-dolphins\">dolphin<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/marine-animals\/amazon-river-dolphin-facts\">Amazon River dolphin guide: Learn all about this beautiful pink dolphin and how it differs to its ocean cousins.<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/ganges-river-dolphin-tagged-india\">&#8220;Little is known about their movement in these river systems\u201d \u2013 mysterious animal tagged in India for first time ever<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The river contains untreated human sewage, as well as waste from industrial plants, including tanneries, textile mills, slaughterhouses and distilleries. In Hinduism, the river has a sacred status. Over 70 million Hindus bathe in the Ganges during festive periods to \u2018cleanse\u2019 themselves, but this comes with significant health risks. Water from the river has been linked to outbreaks of dysentery, cholera, hepatitis and severe diarrhoea.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>River Danube<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-2165997734-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-531\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-2165997734-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-2165997734-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-2165997734-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-2165997734-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-2165997734.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">zpagistock\/Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>By and large, European rivers aren\u2019t too bad, but the Danube is a notable exception. The river begins in the Black Forest mountains, then flows for 2,850 kilometres through ten countries, before emptying into the Black Sea.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/environment\/izhemchug-canyo\">It&#8217;s the size of Gambia and one and a half times deeper than the Grand Canyon \u2013 Discover Earth\u2019s most mysterious underwater giant<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Every&nbsp;<em>day<\/em>, it ditches an estimated&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/coastalcare.org\/2014\/03\/the-danube-carries-1500-tons-of-plastic-litter-into-the-black-sea\/\">4 metric tons<\/a>&nbsp;of plastic waste into the Black Sea. And whilst water quality has improved in the river\u2019s upper regions, elsewhere, contamination from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/environment\/facts-about-microplastics\">microplastics<\/a>, agricultural runoff and chemical and pharmaceutical waste remains a significant problem. Action is underway from the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.icpdr.org\/tasks-topics\/topics\/pollution\">International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River,<\/a>&nbsp;and things are slowly improving.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>River Fal&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1284548652-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-532\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1284548652-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1284548652-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1284548652-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1284548652-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1284548652.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Thomas Mailand\/Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In the United Kingdom, Cornwall\u2019s River Fal gets a dishonourable mention. It was described in 2023 as England\u2019s most polluted river due to the high frequency of sewage discharge it receives. Two years earlier, raw sewage was discharged straight into the river for the best part of a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/River_Fal#:~:text=The%20Fal%20has%20been%20described,being%20overwhelmed%20by%20heavy%20rain.\"><em>year<\/em><\/a>, after the region\u2019s 100-year old sewage system became overwhelmed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/shark-river-thames-london\">&#8220;A shark? Shut up!&#8221; London locals spot the fin of a large animal in the River Thames<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>No river&nbsp;<em>wants&nbsp;<\/em>the \u2018most polluted\u2019 title, however, and stakeholders have pointed out that whilst the Fal may suffer from frequent sewer spills, other rivers receive more volume. Potato. Pot-ar-toe. According to the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/theriverstrust.org\/about-us\/news\/sewage-discharges-2025-annual-summary-data\">Rivers Trust<\/a>, in 2025 water companies discharged untreated sewage into rivers, lakes and seas almost 400,000 times, for over two and a half million hours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/news\/water-companies-in-england-say-sorry-for-sewage-spills\">Water companies in England say sorry for sewage spills<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/environment\/what-has-gone-wrong-with-our-rivers\">What has gone wrong with our rivers?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ohio River<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-965779092-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-965779092-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-965779092-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-965779092-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-965779092-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-965779092-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Posnov\/Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In the United States, the Ohio River is frequently cited as the nation\u2019s most polluted river, based on toxic releases from the industrial sector. It\u2019s not alone, however. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, in 2023,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/trinationalanalysis\/water-releases-chemical-industry\">85 million kilograms<\/a>&nbsp;of toxic substances were released into US waterways, largely from food, petroleum and chemical manufacturing.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/fish\/lake-sturgeon-coosa-river-georgia\">A &#8216;shark-like&#8217; animal is lurking in this US river. And scientists say it&#8217;s breeding<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nitrate compounds, such as ammonia and sodium nitrite, make up&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/trinationalanalysis\/water-releases-chemical-industry\">40<\/a>% of this figure. This is a problem because high nitrate levels can spur the growth of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/plant-facts\/water-plants\/algae-facts-algae-blooms\">algae<\/a>, leading to blooms that decrease oxygen levels and suffocate aquatic wildlife. In addition, a 2022 study, which analysed 114 US waterways, found that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenmatters.com\/news\/pfas-chemical\">83<\/a>% contained at least one PFA. Also known as \u2018forever chemicals\u2019, these substances have been linked to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/pfas\/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\">health problems<\/a>, including some cancers and decreased fertility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Darling River<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1355015854-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1355015854-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1355015854-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1355015854-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1355015854-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1355015854.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Andrew Merry\/Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Don\u2019t be fooled by the name. In New South Wales, Australia, the Darling River is one of Oceania\u2019s most polluted rivers. Water flow in the broader basin area has been declining for the last 50 years. Initially, this was attributed to water being diverted for agricultural and other purposes, but recently, it has been chalked up&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/new-research-reveals-why-the-mighty-darling-river-is-drying-up-and-its-not-just-because-were-taking-too-much-water-239923\">to climate change<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/fish\/bull-shark-facts\">It&#8217;s huge, crotchety, has a fondness for head butting, and is dangerous to humans \u2013 oh and can be found in BOTH rivers and oceans<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/fish\/largest-freshwater-fish\">What is the world&#8217;s largest freshwater fish?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When the river levels fall and the water becomes hot and stagnant, it can trigger the growth of harmful algal blooms. The largest bloom ever recorded, occurred on a 1,000 stretch of the Darling and nearby Barwon Rivers in the early nineties. The conditions can suffocate wildlife.&nbsp;&nbsp;In 2023,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chiefscientist.nsw.gov.au\/independent-reports\/menindee-fish-deaths\">20 to 30 million fish<\/a>&nbsp;died in the Darling River near Menindee, New South Wales.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/most-dangerous-animal-in-australia\">What&#8217;s the most dangerous animal in Australia? Does the country&#8217;s wildlife deserve its deadly reputation?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/reptiles\/most-dangerous-snakes-in-australia\">What are the most dangerous snakes in Australia? Discover the country&#8217;s top 4 deadliest serpents<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Yangtze River<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-91787419-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-535\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-91787419-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-91787419-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-91787419-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-91787419-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-91787419-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Siegfried Layda\/Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/ocean-plastics#:~:text=Seven%20of%20the%20top%20ten,in%20India%20%E2%80%93%20that%20were%20dominant.\">Ninety<\/a>&nbsp;percent of all of the plastic that flows into the ocean comes from just ten rivers. The Yangtze in China is the worst offender. It carries up to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/news.sky.com\/story\/just-10-rivers-carry-90-of-plastic-polluting-the-oceans-11167581#:~:text=They%20comprise%20some%20of%20the,Related%20Topics:\">1.5 million tonnes<\/a>&nbsp;of plastic into the sea every year. To put that in context, the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/discover-the-river-thames\">River Thames<\/a>&nbsp;in England ejects a meagre (but not insignificant) 18 tonnes in the same timeframe.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/environment\/nature-based-solutions-how-nature-can-help-prevent-flooding\">How nature could help fix our flooding and sewerage problems<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/news\/river-thames-pollution-single-use\">New River Thames pollution data finds majority of litter found is single-use<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The 6,200 km-long Yangtze is one of the world\u2019s longest and busiest waterways, but plastic pollution, damming and contamination from sewage, agriculture and industrial plants have trounced the water quality. Along with&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/fish\/shark-decline\">overfishing<\/a>, this led to the disappearance of the river\u2019s very own Yangtze River dolphin, which was declared functionally&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/animals-once-presumed-extinct\">extinct<\/a>&nbsp;in 2006.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/facts-about-river-dolphins\">River dolphins on the brink: Where the enigmatic river dolphins live, why they are at risk of extinction &#8211; and the battle to save them<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/news\/river-dolphins-south-asia-two-separate-species\">Analysis of skulls reveals that river dolphins in South Asia are two separate species<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Coatzacoalcos River<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1225684819-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-536\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1225684819-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1225684819-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1225684819-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1225684819-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/flatplan-plus-content.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-1225684819-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rebecca Aldama\/Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Coatzacoalcos River in southeastern Mexico runs for 325 kilometres from the mountains of Oaxaca to the Gulf of Mexico in Veracruz. It makes the list because of the staggering&nbsp;<em>lack&nbsp;<\/em>of environmental laws that&nbsp;<em>could&nbsp;<\/em>help to protect this heavily polluted waterway.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/amazon-river-dolphins-filmed-in-ecuador\">When researchers dropped a camera into a murky river in the Amazon Rainforest, something rare and peculiar appeared<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The key culprit is the Mexican oil industry. Petrochemical plants discharge waste into the water, and there have been many spills from pipelines. High levels of heavy metals, such as chromium and lead, have been found in the water, as have \u2018forever chemicals,\u2019 such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24845647\/#:~:text=The%20model%20estimates%20that%2096,the%20water%20management%20in%20Mexico.\">polychlorinated biphenyls<\/a>&nbsp;(PCBs). The latter can accumulate in fish and then pass to people when they are eaten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/britains-most-beautiful-river-walks\">Britain&#8217;s most beautiful river walks<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/when-does-a-stream-become-a-river\">When does a stream become a river?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/river-strid-deadly\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/river-strid-deadly\"><strong>Did you\u00a0know one of the world\u2019s deadliest\u00a0rivers is just two metres wide and in the UK? Try and stride across and it might well be the last stride you ever take<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/environment\/colorado-river-disappearance\"><strong>The Colorado River vanished for 5 million years. Scientists may have just figured out where it went<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rivers are vital for life. They provide fresh water for drinking and food production. They are homes for wildlife, reduce the risk of flooding and help to mitigate the effects of climate change. Yet, they are under threat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":149,"featured_media":537,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-526","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-main"],"acf":{"article_authors":"Helen Polcher","send_as_draft":true,"send_as_paid":true,"send_as_featured":true},"modified_by":"dgraham","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/526","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/149"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=526"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/526\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":550,"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/526\/revisions\/550"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/537"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=526"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=526"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flatplanplus.io\/bbc-wildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=526"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}